TPO 33阅读题目答案与详细解析

以下内容为TPO33阅读题目答案与详细解析部分。

 

第一篇：The First Civilizations

第1题

• 答案：A
• 解析： 词汇题: culminate, 达到顶点/高潮, 对应 A 选项: 达到高点。

第2题

• 答案：A
• 解析：定位句 Many prehistorians believe that farming may have emerged independently in several different areas of the world when small communities, driven by increasing population and a decline in available food resources, began to plant seeds in the ground in an effort to guarantee their survival. 意思是当食物来源短缺的时候来时种植粮食来维持生计，对应 A 选项: 他们用农业来补充其他食物来源，TPO阅读33。

第3题

• 答案： B
• 解析：undoubtedly 毫无疑问地, 对应 B 选项: 理所应当地。

第4题

• 答案：AB
• 解析：定位句 The advantage was that crops grown in such areas were not as dependent on rainfall and therefore produced a more reliable harvest. An additional benefit was that the sediment carried by the river waters deposited nutrients in the soil, thus enabling the farmer to cultivate a single plot of ground for many years without moving to a new location. 里面提到了 not as Dependent on rainfall, 不太依赖于降雨, 对应 B 选项: 不完全依赖降水。同时也提到了deposited nutrients in the soil, 在土壤中沉淀营养, 对应 A 选项: 土壤营养丰富，TPO阅读33。

第5题

• 答案：B
• 解析：enhance, 提高, 增强, 对应 B 选项, 提高, 改善。

第6题

• 答案：D
• 解析：provoke 激起, 引起, 招致, 激怒, 对应 D 选项, 引起。

第7题

• 答案：D
• 解析：定位句 The increase in food production in these regions led to a significant growth in population, while efforts to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas and to protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community provoked the first steps toward cooperative activities on a large scale中的 significant growth in population 对应 A 选项; efforts to control the flow of water 对应 B 选项; protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community 对应 C 选项。

第8题

• 答案：D
• 解析：TPO阅读33，定位句 How the first governments took shape in these areas is not certain与 D 选项相违背。 定位句 The first clear steps in the rise of the first civilizations took place in the fourth and third millennia B.C. in Mesopotamia, northern Africa, India, and China. 出现地点 northern Africa, India and China对应 A 选项。 定位句 As the communities continue to grow in size and material wealth, the “big men” assume hereditary status, 提到了世袭制, 对应 B 选项。 定位句 By means of their military prowess, dominant personalities, or political talents, these people gradually emerge as the leaders of that community. 对应 C 选项。

第9题

• 答案：A
• 解析：第三段主要是说领导者即后来政府形成的原因, 第四段主要是讲 领导者是如何形成的。对应A 中why和how。

第10题

• 答案：A
• 解析：原句逻辑 while 表示对比转折; 句子核心: 城市中心的经济功 能以及管理中心的仪式功能。A 选项句子对应两个核心, while 的转折对比 关系正确, 因此 A 选项正确。

第11题

• 答案：C
• 解析：定位句 Within these cities, new forms of livelihood appeared to satisfy the growing need for social services and consumer goods.在这些城市只能给新的生活形式的出现满足了不断增长的社会服务和消费品的需求。可以推断出有需求就有供给，就会出现与之相关的产业。

第12题

• 答案：C
• 解析：定位句 In some cases, the physical division within the first cities reflected the strict hierarchical character of the society as a whole, with a royal palace surrounded by an imposing wall and separate from the remainder of the urban population. 通过建立高墙来建立严格的等级制度, 将统治者和普通老板姓区分开来, 对应 C 选项，TPO阅读33。

第13题

• 答案：D
• 解析： This was accompanied by increased professional specialization 中 的 professional specialization 职业专门化对应第四个方框之后句子中的 artisans or merchants, warriors, scholars, or priests。

第14题

答案：BDE

解析：

1. Prehistorians disagree as to whether early farmers first cultivated crops along floodplains or first tried cultivating crops in less successful environments. 错。定位第二段: 没有出现 disagree, less successful environments 的相关概念。
2. Cultivation in fertile river valleys resulted in predictable harvests, which meant that farmers no longer needed to migrate constantly in search of food. 正确。对应第二段 An additional benefit was that the sediment carried by the river waters deposited nutrients in the soil, thus enabling the farmer to cultivate a single plot of ground for many years without moving to a new location. Thus, the first truly sedentary (that is, nonmigratory) societies were born.因为土壤 中含有丰富的营养, 所以一块地农民可以种很多年, 因此就不用迁移到别的地方, 最后就定居了。
3. Because crops could be cultivated more successfully where farmers were not completely dependent on rainfall, hostilities between groups arose over control of the river systems. 错。定位第二、三段。The advantage was that crops grown in such areas were not as dependent on rainfall and therefore produced a more reliable harvest. The increase in food production in these regions led to a significant growth in population, while efforts to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas and to protect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community provoked the first steps toward cooperative activities on a large scale. 原句是转折关系, 不是因果关系。
4. The need to organize the effort to ensure the food supply and defend the land led to the formation of elite supervising groups that eventually became the first governments. 正确。对应第三段的核心主旨: 政府的形成，TPO阅读33。
5. Increasingly centralized forms of administration resulted in the emergence of social classes and in the development of cities as trade, administration, or religious centers. 正确。对应第五段核心意思: 中央集权导致了社会阶层和不同功能城市的形成。
6. Unlike other early civilizations, those that developed in the Indus River Valley did not have any spectacular palaces or areas for exclusive use by the authorities. 错。定位第五段: In other instances, such as the Indus River Valley, the cities lacked a royal precinct and the ostentatious palaces that marked their contemporaries elsewhere. 意思是说 Indus River Valley 这个地方没有华丽的宫殿来代表权力。 虽然 F 选项没有什么太大的错误, 但它属于段落细节, 可以参照E选项正确的原因。

以上就是TPO33阅读部分第一篇的答案与完整解析。如需要下载TPO33阅读部分的第1、2、3篇的答案与解析，请点击这里。